實際膠質及其危害

實際(ji)膠(jiao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)指100ml燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)在試(shi)驗條件下所含(han)有的(de)(de)(de)膠(jiao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)毫克數,包括(kuo)燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)(zhong)實際(ji)含(han)有的(de)(de)(de)膠(jiao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)測試(shi)過程中(zhong)(zhong)新(xin)產生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)部分(fen)膠(jiao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(另-部分(fen)溶于輕(qing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)油(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)低(di)分(fen)子(zi)膠(jiao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)隨油(you)(you)-起蒸發(fa)(fa)散失)。它(ta)代(dai)表油(you)(you)品抗氧(yang)化(hua)安定性的(de)(de)(de)強弱，揭示油(you)(you)品在發(fa)(fa)動機進氣(qi)管道(dao)及進氣(qi)閥_上生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)粘(zhan)(zhan)附性沉(chen)積物的(de)(de)(de)傾向,參與監控庫存(cun)油(you)(you)品的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量動態(tai)。輕(qing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)油(you)(you)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)膠(jiao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以其溶解度(du)為(wei)(wei)標(biao)準(zhun)可分(fen)為(wei)(wei)三種(zhong)類型:不可溶膠(jiao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)即沉(chen)渣、可溶膠(jiao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)它(ta)是(shi)使(shi)輕(qing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)油(you)(you)料(liao)(liao)(liao)顏(yan)色變(bian)黃和(he)變(bian)深的(de)(de)(de)“元兇(xiong)"以及同沉(chen)渣-起共(gong)存(cun)的(de)(de)(de)粘(zhan)(zhan)附性膠(jiao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。從供油(you)(you)系(xi)統和(he)發(fa)(fa)動機工作(zuo)狀態(tai)看(kan),使(shi)用含(han)膠(jiao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao),會(hui)在油(you)(you)箱中(zhong)(zhong)析出粘(zhan)(zhan)稠沉(chen)積物,這種(zhong)沉(chen)積物會(hui)使(shi)新(xin)加人油(you)(you)箱的(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)料(liao)(liao)(liao)迅速(su)變(bian)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),從而導致油(you)(you)路堵塞(sai)、積炭(tan)增(zeng)多(duo)、磨(mo)損加劇、功率降低(di)、粘(zhan)(zhan)卡(ka)氣(qi)門和(he)突然停車(che)。實際(ji)膠(jiao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)愈(yu)大,每百公里耗油(you)(you)愈(yu)多(duo),發(fa)(fa)動仉保障(zhang)正常行使(shi)的(de)(de)(de)里程愈(yu)短。此外,膠(jiao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)會(hui)促使(shi)輕(qing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)油(you)(you)顏(yan)色變(bian)黃變(bian)深、酸(suan)度(du)增(zeng)大、腐蝕(shi)加強、品質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)惡化(hua)、存(cun)期縮短。

因此，除煉制過程中把(ba)硫(liu)含量(liang)、膠質值作為監控項目外,輕(qing)質燃料油(you)因需作戰略儲備(bei),對上述兩項指標都提出更高要求。